Array

C++ provides a data structure, the roam, which stores a fixed-size sequential collection of factors of the same type. An get is workd to store a collection of data, but it is often more useful to think of an array as a collection of variables of the same type. quite of declaring individual variables, such as number0, number1, , and number99, you declare one array variable such as numbers and use numbers0, numbers1, and , numbers99 to represent individual variables.A specific division in an array is accessed by an index. All arrays consist of contiguous memory locations. The lowest address corresponds to the first element and the highest address to the last element. Declaring Arrays To declare an array in C++, the programmer specifies the type of the elements and the number of elements required by an array as follows type arrayName arraySize This is c tout ensembleed a single-dimension array. The arraySize must be an integer unceasing greater than zero and type can be any v alid C++ data type.For example, to declare a 10-element array called balance of type double, use this arguing double balance10 Initializing Arrays You can initialize C++ array elements either one by one or using a single debate as follows double balance5 = degree centigrade0. 0, 2. 0, 3. 4, 17. 0, 50. 0 The number of values betwixt braces can not be larger than the number of elements that we declare for the array between square brackets .Following is an example to assign a single element of the array If you omit the size of the array, an array just big enough to hold the initialization is created. Therefore, if you write double balance = 1000. 0, 2. 0, 3. 4, 17. 0, 50. 0 You will create exactly the same array as you did in the previous example. balance4 = 50. 0 The above statement assigns element number 5th in the array a value of 50. 0. Array with 4th index will be 5th ie. last element because all arrays have 0 as the index of their first element which is also called base i ndex.Following is the pictorial representaion of the same array we discussed above Accessing Array Elements An element is accessed by indexing the array name. This is done by placing the index of the element within square brackets after the name of the array. For example double salary = balance9 The above statement will take 10th element from the array and assign the value to salary variable. Following is an example which will use all the above mentioned tierce concepts viz. eclaration, assignment and accessing arrays include using namespace std include using stdsetw int main () int n 10 // n is an array of 10 integers // initialize elements of array n to 0 for ( int i = 0 i 10 i++ ) n i = i + 100 // set element at location i to i + 100 cout